{"id":2363,"date":"2022-12-07T20:52:55","date_gmt":"2022-12-07T20:52:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chrystus.pl\/?p=2363"},"modified":"2022-12-07T20:52:58","modified_gmt":"2022-12-07T20:52:58","slug":"patriarcha-athenagoras","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chrystus.pl\/ko-kr\/patriarcha-athenagoras\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc871\uc7a5 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4(\uc544\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud1a0\ud074\ub808\uc2a4 \uc2a4\ud53c\ub8e8, 1886\ub144 3\uc6d4 6\uc77c ~ 1972\ub144 7\uc6d4 7\uc77c)\ub294 1948\ub144 11\uc6d4 1\uc77c\ubd80\ud130 1972\ub144 7\uc6d4 7\uc77c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ucf58\uc2a4\ud0c4\ud2f0\ub178\ud50c\uc758 \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc804\uae30 \ub370\uc774\ud130
Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 25 marca\/6 kwietnia 1886 roku w Tsaraplanie (obecnie Vasiliko) w Epirze, kt\u00f3ry w tym czasie by\u0142 jeszcze terytorium Imperium Osma\u0144skiego. Jego ojciec, Mateusz, by\u0142 lekarzem, a matka, Helen, pochodzi\u0142a z Konitsy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W 1903 roku wst\u0105pi\u0142 do Szko\u0142y Teologicznej w Halkach. W 1910 roku uzyska\u0142 stopie\u0144 naukowy z teologii, zosta\u0142 mnichem i otrzyma\u0142 \u015bwi\u0119cenia diakonatu z r\u0105k metropolity Polikarpa z Elassony. Nast\u0119pnie pe\u0142ni\u0142 funkcj\u0119 archidiakona metropolity pelago\u0144skiego do 1918 r., kiedy to metropolia przesta\u0142a podlega\u0107 jurysdykcji patriarchatu. W 1919 roku \u00f3wczesny arcybiskup Aten Meletios Metaxakis zatrudni\u0142 go jako archidiakona i sekretarza archidiecezji. Po przewadze ruchu z 1922 r. zosta\u0142 sekretarzem „Zwi\u0105zku Pagliriki”, ruchu kochaj\u0105cych duchownych przyjaznych partii wenezuelskiej.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ucf54\ub974\ud478 \uc8fc\uad50
1922\ub144 12\uc6d4, N. \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f0\ub77c\uc2a4 \ud601\uba85 \uc815\ubd80 \uc2dc\uc808. \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f0\ub77c\uc2a4 \ud601\uba85 \uc815\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9d1\uc0ac\ub85c \uc77c\ud558\ub358 \uadf8\ub294 \ucf54\ub974\ud478\uc758 \ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub85c \uc120\ucd9c\ub418\uc5c8\uace0 1922\ub144 12\uc6d4 22\uc77c \uc544\ud14c\ub124 \uba54\ud2b8\ub85c\ud3f4\ub9ac\ud0c4 \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uad50\ub85c \ubd09\ud5cc\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W tej Metropolii pozosta\u0142 przez siedem lat i wykaza\u0142 si\u0119 bogat\u0105 prac\u0105 organizacyjn\u0105, charytatywn\u0105 i wydawnicz\u0105. Podobno za jego czas\u00f3w ta Metropolia sta\u0142a si\u0119 pierwsz\u0105, kt\u00f3ra wyda\u0142a biuletyn informacyjny. Tam rozwin\u0105\u0142 przyjazne stosunki z katolickimi Korfianami i ich biskupem, protestantami, \u017bydami, Ormianami itd. W lipcu 1930 roku reprezentowa\u0142 Ko\u015bci\u00f3\u0142 Grecji na Kongresie Anglika\u0144skim w Lambeth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ubbf8\uad6d \ub300\uc8fc\uad50
1930\ub144 8\uc6d4 13\uc77c, \uace0\ub9b0\ub3c4 \ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \ub2e4\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud0a4\ub178\uc2a4\uc758 \uc81c\uc548\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc131\ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd81\ub0a8\ubbf8 \ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub85c \uc120\ucd9c\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc7ac\uc784 \uae30\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548 \uadf8\ub294 \uad6d\uac00 \ubd84\uc5f4\ub85c \ubd84\uc5f4\ub41c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud569\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc131\uacf5\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1931\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790 \ucd1d\ud68c\ub97c \uc870\uc9c1\ud558\uc5ec \uad50\ud68c \ud589\uc815\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ucc44\ud0dd\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub300\uad50\uad6c \uc0ac\ubb34\uc18c, \uc131\uc9c1\uc790 \ubc95\uc6d0, \uad50\ub9ac \ud559\uad50\ub97c \uc124\ub9bd\ud558\uace0 \uc870\uc9c1\ud588\uc73c\uba70 \uad50\ud68c\uc640 \ud559\uad50 \uac74\uc124\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ud788 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uae30\uc6b8\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc131\uc9c1\uc790 \uc591\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ubcf4\uc2a4\ud134\uc758 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \uc815\uad50\ud68c \uc2e0\ud559\uad50(1931), \uc131\uc9c1\uc790 \uc591\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub274\uc695 \uac1c\ub9ac\uc2a8\uc758 \uc131 \ubc14\uc2e4\ub9ac \uc544\uce74\ub370\ubbf8(1937), \uad50\ub9ac\uad50\uc0ac \ubc0f \uc131\uac00\ub300 \uc9c0\ud718\uc790 \uc591\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub274\uc695 \uac1c\ub9ac\uc2a8\uc758 \uc131 \ubc14\uc2e4\ub9ac \uc544\uce74\ub370\ubbf8(1944)\ub97c \uc124\ub9bd\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ubbf8\uad6d \ub300\uad50\uad6c\uc7a5 \uc2dc\uc808 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\ub294 \ub3d9\ub8cc \ud615\uc81c\ub4e4(\ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc778, \uc138\ub974\ube44\uc544\uc778, \ub8e8\ub9c8\ub2c8\uc544\uc778) \ubc0f \uc815\uad50\ud68c \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uacfc \uc88b\uc740 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ub9fa\uc5c8\uc744 \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud504\ub7ad\ud074\ub9b0\uacfc \uc5d8\ub9ac\ub108 \ub8e8\uc2a4\ubca8\ud2b8 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839 \ubd80\ubd80, \ud2b9\ud788 \ud574\ub9ac \ud2b8\ub8e8\uba3c \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc778\uc0ac\ub4e4\uacfc\ub3c4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uae34\ubc00\ud55c \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc871\uc7a5
\uc120\uac70
\ucf58\uc2a4\ud0c4\ud2f0\ub178\ud50c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \ub9c9\uc2dc\ubaa8\uc2a4 5\uc138\uac00 1948\ub144 10\uc6d4 18\uc77c \uc0ac\uc784\ud55c \ud6c4, \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\ub294 1948\ub144 11\uc6d4 1\uc77c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub85c \uc120\ucd9c\ub418\uc5b4 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4 1\uc138\ub85c \ucd94\ub300\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 1923\ub144 \ud130\ud0a4 \ubc95\ub839 1092\ud638\uc758 \uc2dc\ud589\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud130\ud0a4 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uad8c \uc5c6\uc774\ub3c4 \ud130\ud0a4 \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uc0ac\uc804 \ub3d9\uc758\ub97c \uc5bb\uc5b4 \uc120\ucd9c\ub41c \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uadf8\ub294 \ucd9c\uc0dd \ub2f9\uc2dc \uace0\ud5a5\uc774 \uc624\uc2a4\ub9cc \uc81c\uad6d\uc758 \uc601\ud1a0\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ub3c4\ucc29\ud55c \uacf5\ud56d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\uc2a4\ud0c4\ubd88 \uc9c0\uc0ac\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ud130\ud0a4 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uad8c\uacfc \ud130\ud0a4 \uc5ec\uad8c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud2b9\ud788 1948\ub144 11\uc6d4 1\uc77c, 17\uba85\uc758 \ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \ucf58\uc2a4\ud0c4\ud2f0\ub178\ud50c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uccad\uc758 \uace0\uc720 \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\uac00 \uc18c\uc9d1\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 3\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \ud22c\ud45c\uc5d0\ub294 \ud130\ud0a4 \ubc16\uc5d0\uc11c \uc628 \ub300\uc81c\uc0ac\uc7a5 \ubaa9\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc778 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4 \ubbf8\uad6d \ub300\uc8fc\uad50, \uba54\ud300\ub178\uc2a4\uc758 \ub514\uc624\ub2c8\uc2dc\uc6b0\uc2a4 \ub300\uc8fc\uad50, \uce74\uc6b0\uc758 \uc5e0\ub9c8\ub204\uc5d8 \ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc138 \uc0ac\ub78c \ubaa8\ub450 \uac01\uac01 11\ud45c\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uc73c\uba70, 6\uc11d\uc774 \uacf5\uc11d\uc778 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 2\ucc28 \ud22c\ud45c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\uac00 11\ud45c\ub97c \uc5bb\uc5b4 \ub2f9\uc120\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub294 \ubc31\uc778\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \ud130\ud0a4 \uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc120\uac70 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc30\uc81c\ub418\uc5c8\ub358 \uadf8\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub77c\uc774\ubc8c\uc778 \ub370\ub974\ucf54\uc2a4 \uc694\uc544\ud0b4 \uba54\ud2b8\ub85c\ud3f4\ub9ac\ud0c4\uc758 \uc9c0\uc9c0\uc790\ub4e4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ub098\uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5b4\uca0c\ub4e0 \ud130\ud0a4 \uc5b8\ub860\uc740 \ucc98\uc74c\ubd80\ud130 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\uc758 \ub2f9\uc120\uc744 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc600\uace0, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uadf8\uac00 \ubc1b\uc744 \ub4dd\ud45c\uc218\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc778\uc6a9\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ubbf8\uad6d \ucd9c\ubc1c
Przed wyjazdem do Konstantynopola Athenagoras odby\u0142 d\u0142ugie tourn\u00e9e po prawie wszystkich wsp\u00f3lnotach prawos\u0142awnych w Ameryce, podaj\u0105c w swoich r\u00f3\u017cnych przem\u00f3wieniach tam zarys polityki, kt\u00f3r\u0105 b\u0119dzie prowadzi\u0142 i wzywaj\u0105c wszystkich do nowej krucjaty przeciwko komunizmowi, „naj\u015bwi\u0119tszej bitwy” \u015bwiata chrze\u015bcija\u0144skiego, jak to w\u00f3wczas okre\u015bli\u0142.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud2b9\ud788 1948\ub144 11\uc6d4 \ub9d0, \ubcf4\uc2a4\ud134\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f4\ub9b0 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790 \ud68c\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc5b8\ub860\uc774 \uc911\uacc4\ud55c \uc5f0\uc124\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub294 \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uac15\uc870\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc5ed\uacbd\uc758 \ud3ed\ud48d\uc774 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc8fc\ubcc0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd84\ucd9c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc0ac\uc545\ud55c \ud30c\uad34\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0\uc774 \uc591\uc2ec\uc758 \uc790\uc720, \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc774\uc0c1, \uae30\ub3c5\uad50 \ubb38\uba85\uc758 \uc2e0\uc131\ud55c \ud1a0\ub300\ub97c \uc775\uc0ac\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub824 \uc704\ud611\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 (...). \ud55c\ud3b8\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub294 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc790\uc720\uc640 \uc601\ud1a0 \ubcf4\uc804\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud798\ub4e0 \ud22c\uc7c1\uc744 \ubc8c\uc774\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74\uc5d0 \ud130\ud0a4\ub294 \uac19\uc740 \uc704\ud611\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74 \ud574 \uc788\uc73c\uba70 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uacc4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \ud2b8\ub8e8\uba3c \ub3c5\ud2b8\ub9b0\uc740 \uc774 \uacf5\uaca9\uc744 \uaca9\ud1f4\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud22c\uc7c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc784\uc774 \uc785\uc99d\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc800\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud2b8\ub8e8\uba3c \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc758 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \ucd09\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 (...). \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc774 \uc2e0\uc131\ud55c \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \ub9dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc758 \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \uc218\ud638\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc2f8\uc6e0\ub358 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc2e0\uc131\ud55c \uc804\ud22c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc704\uce58\ub97c \ud3ec\uae30\ud558\uace0 \ubc84\ub9ac\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ub0c9\uc804\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc0c8 \ucd1d\uc7ac\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud560 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0\ub294 \ubc31\uc545\uad00\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\ub9ac \ud2b8\ub8e8\uba3c \ubbf8\uad6d \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uacfc\uc758 \uace0\ubcc4 \ud68c\ub2f4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub354\uc6b1 \uc798 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0ac\uc73c\uba70, \uc774 \uc790\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ub530\ub73b\ud55c \uc18c\ub9dd\uacfc \uac10\uc0ac\ub97c \uc8fc\uace0\ubc1b\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774\uc2a4\ud0c4\ubd88 \ub3c4\ucc29
1949\ub144 1\uc6d4 26\uc77c, \ud2b8\ub8e8\uba3c \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc774 \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c \ube44\ud589\uae30\uac00 \uc0c8\ub85c \uc120\ucd9c\ub41c \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\ub97c \ud0dc\uc6b0\uace0 \ud2b8\ub8e8\uba3c\uc758 \ud2b9\ubcc4 \ubcf4\uc88c\uad00 \ucc30\uc2a4 \ub9c8\ub77c \ub300\ub839\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc774\uc2a4\ud0c4\ubd88\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube44\ud589\uae30\uac00 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \uc601\uacf5\uc744 \ud1b5\uacfc\ud560 \ub54c \ud3f4 \uad6d\uc655\uacfc \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uac00 \uc778\uc0ac\ub97c \uc8fc\uace0\ubc1b\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucf58\uc2a4\ud0c4\ud2f0\ub178\ud50c \ucd1d\ub3c5\uacfc \ub3c4\ucc29\ud55c \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc778, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud638\uae30\uc2ec \ub54c\ubb38\uc778\uc9c0 \ub9ce\uc740 \ubb34\uc2ac\ub9bc\ub4e4\uc758 \uc601\uc811\uc740 \ud6cc\ub96d\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub294 \ube44\ud589\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0b4\ub9ac\uba74\uc11c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\uc5b4\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud130\ud0a4\uc5b4\ub85c\ub3c4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc \ud130\ud0a4 \ub2f9\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac10\uc0ac\ub97c \ud45c\ud558\uba70 \ubaa8\ub450\ub97c \uac10\ub3d9\uc2dc\ucf30\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc989\uc2dc<\/a> \uadf8 \ud6c4 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \ud589\ub82c\uc774 \uc774\uc2a4\ud0c4\ubd88\uc758 \uc911\uc559 \ud0c1\uc2ec \uad11\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \ud5a5\ud588\uace0, \uc544\ud14c\ub124\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\ub294 \ucf00\ub9d0 \uc544\ud0c0\ud280\ub974\ud06c\uc758 \ub3d9\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ud654\ud658\uc744 \ub193\uace0 \ubc31\uc545\uad00 \uc815\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\ub978 \uaf43\uc744 \ubc14\ucce4\ub2e4\uace0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c \ub0a0\uc778 1949\ub144 1\uc6d4 27\uc77c \uc989\uc704\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud589\ubcf4 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uae30\ucc28\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0 \uc559\uce74\ub77c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\uc2a4\uba54\ud2b8 \uc774\ub178\ub204 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098 \ud2b8\ub8e8\uba3c \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc758 \uce5c\uc11c\ub97c \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uadf8\uc758 \uc791\ud488
Dzia\u0142alno\u015b\u0107 Athenagorasa w umacnianiu misji wewn\u0119trznej w klimacie archidiecezji konstantynopolita\u0144skiej by\u0142a znacz\u0105ca. Zreorganizowa\u0142 Szko\u0142\u0119 Teologiczn\u0105 w Halki, mianuj\u0105c nowych profesor\u00f3w i kszta\u0142c\u0105c kadr\u0119 naukow\u0105, a tak\u017ce pr\u0119\u017cnie poprawi\u0142 stosunki z w\u0142adzami tureckimi. W czasie jego patriarchatu nast\u0105pi\u0142a pe\u0142niejsza organizacja parafii prawos\u0142awnych za granic\u0105, z podniesieniem metropolii w Tyatyrze (Europa Zachodnia) i Australii do rangi archidiecezji, kt\u00f3re wspiera\u0142 biskupami pomocniczymi. W 1959 roku odwiedzi\u0142 prezbiteria\u0144skie patriarchaty Bliskiego Wschodu (Aleksandria, Antiochia i Jerozolima), a w 1951 i 1960 roku przygotowa\u0142 \u015awi\u0119t\u0105 mirr\u0119. W 1965 roku za\u0142o\u017cy\u0142 Patriarchaln\u0105 Fundacj\u0119 Studi\u00f3w Patrystycznych przy klasztorze Vlatadon w Salonikach, w 1966 roku Centrum Prawos\u0142awne w Chambezy w Genewie, a w 1968 roku Prawos\u0142awn\u0105 Akademi\u0119 na Krecie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mimo presti\u017cu i mi\u0119dzynarodowego uznania, jakie patriarchat zyska\u0142 za patriarchatu Athenagorasa, po\u0142\u0105czy\u0142o si\u0119 to ze smutnymi wydarzeniami z 6 i 7 wrze\u015bnia 1955 r., tzw. zamieszkami wrze\u015bniowymi, kiedy to turecki t\u0142um, kierowany „z g\u00f3ry”, jak udowodniono w procesie Adnana Menderesa w 1961 r., zaatakowa\u0142 greckie sklepy, domy i ko\u015bcio\u0142y, dopuszczaj\u0105c si\u0119 rozleg\u0142ych zniszcze\u0144 i grabie\u017cy. Od tych wydarze\u0144, pod coraz wi\u0119kszym naciskiem pa\u0144stwa tureckiego, Grecy ze Stambu\u0142u byli stopniowo zmuszani do opuszczenia swoich dom\u00f3w. Incydenty te wywo\u0142a\u0142y napi\u0119cie mi\u0119dzy Grecj\u0105 a Turcj\u0105, pog\u0142oski o usuni\u0119ciu Patriarchatu z Turcji i wzgl\u0119dne och\u0142odzenie dotychczas wspieraj\u0105cego czynnika ameryka\u0144skiego. Patriarcha Athenagoras zosta\u0142 opisany jako b\u0119d\u0105cy w stanie szoku po wrze\u015bniowych wydarzeniach, unikaj\u0105cy zwo\u0142ania synodu i w \u017ca\u0142obie wstrzymuj\u0105cy si\u0119 od wszelkich oficjalnych nabo\u017ce\u0144stw przez p\u00f3\u0142tora roku, a\u017c do Wielkanocy 1957 roku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1958\ub144 7\uc6d4, \ubbf8\uce74\uc5d8 \ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uac00 \uc11c\uac70\ud55c \ud6c4 \uadf8\ub294 \ud6c4\uacc4\uc790 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\uc640 \uac08\ub4f1\uc744 \uacaa\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\ub294 \uc784 \ube0c\ub85c\uc2a4\uc640 \ud14c \ub124\ub3c4 \uc2a4\uc758 \uba5c\ub9ac \ud1a4 \uba54\ud2b8\ub85c\ud3f4\ub9ac\ud0c4 \ud6c4\ubcf4\ub97c\uc9c0\uc9c0\ud588\uace0 \uc544\ud14c\ub124 \uace0\ub77c\uc2a4 \ucd1d \ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub294 \uba5c\ub9ac \ud0c0\uc758 \uc81c\uc784\uc2a4 \uc8fc\uad50\ub97c\uc9c0\uc9c0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac08\ub4f1\uc740 \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uac00 \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \ud574\uc0b0\ud558\uace0 \ubc18\ub300\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud574\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub800\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \ub2e4\uc74c \uadf8\ub294 6\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \uc784\uba85\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c\uc784\uc2a4\ub97c \uc120\ucd9c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\ub294 1959\ub144 10\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1961\ub144 9\uc6d4, \uadf8\ub294 \ub85c\ub3c4\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc94\uc815\uad50\ud68c \uc2dc\ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \uc900\ube44 \ud68c\uc758 \uc911 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud68c\uc758\uc778 \uc81c1\ucc28 \ubc94\uc815\uad50\ud68c \ud68c\uc758\ub97c \uc18c\uc9d1\ud588\uace0, \uc774 \ud68c\uc758\ub294 \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9c8\ubb34\ub9ac\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4: \uc774 \ud68c\uc758\ub294 \uc815\uad50\uc758 \uc77c\uce58\ub97c \uc120\ud3ec\ud558\uace0, \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uccad\uc774 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ucd1d\ud68c\ub97c \uc18c\uc9d1 \ud560 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uce7c\ucf00\ub3c8 \uc774\uc804 \uad50\ud68c\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uac15\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ud0c0\ud30c\ud558\uace0 \uc815\uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uacac\uace0\ud55c \uc138\ub825\uc784\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5b4 1963\ub144 9\uc6d4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc815\uad50\ud68c \ud68c\uc758\uac00, 1964\ub144 11\uc6d4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc81c3\ucc28 \uc815\uad50\ud68c \ud68c\uc758\uac00 \uc5f4\ub838\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1963\ub144, \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\ub294 \uc218\ub3c4\uc6d0 \uad6d\uac00 \ucc9c\ub144\uc744 \uae30\ub150\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc544\ud1a0\uc2a4 \uc0b0\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 6\uc6d4 30\uc77c\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub294 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \uad70\ud568\uc744 \ud0c0\uace0 \uc544\ud1a0\uc2a4 \uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud314\ub9ac\ub85c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \ud30c\ube14\ub85c\uc2a4 \uc655\uacfc \uc815\ubd80 \ub300\ud45c\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ub97c \uc601\uc811\ud588\uace0, \uc544\ud14c\ub124\ub85c \uac00\ub294 \uae38\uc5d0 \ub9ce\uc740 \uad70\uc911\uc774 \ud658\ud638\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1949\ub144 \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \uc655\uc88c\uc5d0 \uc624\ub978 \uc774\ud6c4 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc774\ubc88\uc774 \ucc98\uc74c\uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \uc544\ud14c\ub124 \ub300\ub3c4\uc2dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ud604\ub300 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \uad6d\uac00 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc0c1 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ub3c5\uc124\uc774 \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ud6c4 \uadf8\ub294 \ub85c\ub3c4\uc2a4, \uce74\ub974\ud30c\ud1a0\uc2a4, \ud06c\ub808\ud0c0, \ucf54\ub974\ud478, \uc5d0\ud53c\ub8e8\uc2a4, \ub9c8\ucf00\ub3c4\ub2c8\uc544\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud588\uace0 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f4\uad11\uc801\uc778 \ud658\ub300\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \uc21c\ubc29\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uac10\ub3d9\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \uacf3\uc740 \uadf8\uc758 \uc0dd\uac00\uc778 \ubc14\uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf54 \ud3ec\uace0\ub2c8\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc778 \uac04 \ub300\ud654
\uc544\ud14c\ub124\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4 \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub294 \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uc5ec \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc778\ub4e4 \uac04\uc758 \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ub178\ub825\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uadf8\ub294 \uc120\ucd9c \uc9c1\uc804\uc5d0 \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \uc138\uacc4\uad50\ud68c\ud611\uc758\ud68c\uc640 \ud611\ub825\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc81c\ub124\ubc14 \ubcf8\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uc88c \uc0c1\uc124 \ub300\ud45c\ub2e8\uc744 \uc124\uce58\ud558\uace0 \uba5c\ub9ac\ud14c\uc758 \uc81c\uc784\uc2a4 \uc8fc\uad50\ub97c \ub2e8\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc784\uba85\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W ramach deklarowanego zamiaru dotarcia do Ko\u015bcio\u0142a rzymskokatolickiego Athenagoras wykona\u0142 kilka wst\u0119pnych ruch\u00f3w za czas\u00f3w papie\u017ca Piusa XII, kt\u00f3re jednak nie przynios\u0142y \u017cadnego efektu. Jego nast\u0119pca, Jan XXIII, by\u0142 bardziej pozytywny i nawet zaprosi\u0142 Ko\u015bci\u00f3\u0142 prawos\u0142awny do wys\u0142ania przedstawicieli\/obserwator\u00f3w na Sob\u00f3r Watyka\u0144ski II. Zbli\u017cenie przyspieszy\u0142o jednak po \u015bmierci Jana XXIII (3 czerwca 1963) i wyborze jego nast\u0119pcy, Paw\u0142a VI. Pierwszym merytorycznym krokiem by\u0142o jego spotkanie z papie\u017cem Paw\u0142em VI w niedzielny wiecz\u00f3r, 5 stycznia 1964 r., w delegaturze Stolicy Apostolskiej na G\u00f3rze Oliwnej w Jerozolimie, kt\u00f3re odby\u0142o si\u0119 wed\u0142ug \u015bcis\u0142ego protoko\u0142u. Ich drugie spotkanie mia\u0142o miejsce nast\u0119pnego dnia w Patriarchacie Jerozolimy, w bardziej swobodnej atmosferze. Obaj przyw\u00f3dcy chrze\u015bcija\u0144scy stwierdzili, \u017ce droga do jedno\u015bci mi\u0119dzy oboma Ko\u015bcio\u0142ami jest d\u0142uga i trudna, ale zgodzili si\u0119 na powo\u0142anie komisji, kt\u00f3ra b\u0119dzie promowa\u0107 dialog mi\u0119dzy nimi. Dwaj przyw\u00f3dcy Ko\u015bcio\u0142a odbyli trzecie nieformalne spotkanie na ulicach Jerozolimy przy wiwatach wiernych. By\u0142 to pierwszy krok w procesie dialogu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774 \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc801\uc778 \ud68c\uc758\ub294 1054\ub144 \ubd84\uc5f4 \uc774\ud6c4 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uad50\ud68c\uc640 \ub85c\ub9c8 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uac04\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \ub300\ud654\uc758 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc81c2\ucc28 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c \uacf5\uc2dd \ud3d0\ub9c9\uc77c\uc778 1965\ub144 12\uc6d4 7\uc77c, \ub85c\ub9c8\uc758 \uc131 \ubca0\ub4dc\ub85c \ub300\uc131\ub2f9\uacfc \ud310\uc758 \uc131 \uc870\uc9c0 \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 '\uc544\ub098\ud14c\ub9c8 1054' \ud3d0\uc9c0 \uc758\uc2dd\uc774 \uac70\ud589\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\uac00 \ud3d0\uc9c0 \ubc95\ub839\uc744 \ub0ad\ub3c5\ud558\uace0 \uad50\ud669 \ubc14\uc624\ub85c 6\uc138\uac00 \uad50\ud669 \uc11c\ud55c\uc744 \ub0ad\ub3c5\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub098\ud14c\ub9c8\uc758 \ud3d0\uc9c0\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \ubc18\uc751\uc744 \ubd88\ub7ec \uc77c\uc73c\ucf30\uace0 \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc544\ud1a0\uc2a4 \uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c\uc870\ucc28 \uc815\uad50\ud68c \uc8fc\uad50\ub4e4\uc774 \uc815\uad50\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uc998\uc774 \uac15\uc694\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4 \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \uae30\ub150\ud589\uc0ac\ub97c \uc911\ub2e8\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1967\ub144 7\uc6d4 25\uc77c, \uad50\ud669 \ubc14\uc624\ub85c 6\uc138\uac00 \ud30c\ub098\ub974\ub97c \uacf5\uc2dd \ubc29\ubb38\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac19\uc740 \ud574 10\uc6d4 28\uc77c, \uc138\ub974\ube44\uc544, \ub8e8\ub9c8\ub2c8\uc544, \ubd88\uac00\ub9ac\uc544 \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uccad\uc744 \uc21c\ubc29\ud55c \uc544\ud14c\ub124\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4 \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub294 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uc5ec \ubc29\ubb38\uc744 \ub9c8\ubb34\ub9ac\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \uc5ec\uc815\uc740 \uc2a4\uc704\uc2a4\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc838 \uc81c\ub124\ubc14\uc758 \uc0f9\ubca0\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uce7c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\uc88c \uc815\uad50\ud68c \uc13c\ud130\ub97c \uac1c\uad00\ud55c \ud6c4 \ub7f0\ub358\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uc5ec \uc131\uacf5\ud68c \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50\ub97c \ub9cc\ub0ac\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ub9d0\ub144\uacfc \uc8fd\uc74c
1972\ub144 6\uc6d4 28\uc77c, \ucd1d\ub300\uc8fc\uad50 \uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4\ub294 \ud5c8\ubc85\uc9c0 \uace8\uc808\uc0c1\uc744 \uc785\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\uce58\uc758\uac00 \ube44\uc5d4\ub098\ub85c \uac00\ub77c\uace0 \uad8c\uc720\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \uac74\uac15\uc740 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc744 \uacaa\uc5c8\uace0 \uacb0\uad6d 1972\ub144 7\uc6d4 7\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Athenagoras (z domu Aristocles Spyrou, 25 marca\/6 kwietnia 1886 – 7 lipca 1972) by\u0142 ekumenicznym patriarch\u0105 Konstantynopola od 1 listopada 1948 do 7 lipca 1972. Dane biograficzneUrodzi\u0142 si\u0119 25 marca\/6 kwietnia 1886 roku w Tsaraplanie (obecnie Vasiliko) w Epirze, kt\u00f3ry w tym czasie by\u0142 jeszcze terytorium Imperium Osma\u0144skiego. Jego ojciec, Mateusz, by\u0142 lekarzem, a matka, …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nPatriarcha Athenagoras - Chrystus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Athenagoras (z domu Aristocles Spyrou, 25 marca\/6 kwietnia 1886 - 7 lipca 1972) by\u0142 ekumenicznym patriarch\u0105 Konstantynopola od 1 listopada 1948 do 7 lipca\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chrystus.pl\/ko-kr\/\uc871\uc7a5-\uc544\ud14c\ub098\uace0\ub77c\uc2a4-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Patriarcha Athenagoras - 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